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it encroached upon

  • 1 דחק את רגליו

    encroached upon him, attempted to take his place

    Hebrew-English dictionary > דחק את רגליו

  • 2 invadir

    v.
    1 to invade.
    los turistas invadieron el museo the tourists flooded the museum
    Ellos invadieron el pueblo They invaded the town.
    Ella invade su privacidad She invades his privacy.
    Ellos invadieron de repente They invaded suddenly.
    2 to overcome, to overwhelm.
    lo invadió la tristeza he was overcome by sadness
    3 to fill, to overflow.
    4 to be invaded by.
    Me invadieron muchas dudas I was invaded by many doubts...
    5 to permeate.
    El agua invade la bodega The water permeates the storage room.
    * * *
    1 to invade
    * * *
    verb
    * * *
    VT
    1) (=atacar) [+ célula, país] to invade; [+ espacio aéreo, aguas jurisdiccionales] to violate, enter

    las malas hierbas/los insectos invadieron el trigal — the wheatfield was overrun with weeds/insects

    2) (=ocupar)
    a) [multitud] [gen] to pour into/onto; [protestando] to storm into/onto

    los fans invadieron el estadio/el escenario — the fans poured into the stadium/onto the stage

    los manifestantes invadieron la ciudad/las calles — the protesters stormed into the city/onto the streets

    b) [vehículo] to go into/onto

    el camión invadió el carril contrario/la pista de despegue — the lorry went into the wrong lane/onto the runway

    3)

    invadir a algn — [sentimiento] to overcome sb

    la invadió una gran tristeza — she was filled with great sadness, a great sadness overcame her

    el miedo había invadido su cuerpo — she was overcome by fear, she was filled with fear, fear overcame her

    4) (Com) [producto] to encroach on
    5) (Jur) to encroach upon
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ejército/fuerzas to invade
    b) <espacio aéreo/aguas> to enter, encroach upon

    invadió nuestras aguas jurisdiccionales — it encroached upon o entered our territorial waters

    c) tristeza/alegría to overcome, overwhelm

    lo invadió un gran pesar — he was overcome o overwhelmed with sorrow

    * * *
    = encroach on/upon, muscle in, horn in, invade, overrun [over-run], come over, wash over, storm, take over.
    Ex. We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.
    Ex. They are, however, very much in a minority in the high technology field and any feeling that the products of such courses are ' muscling in' on library and information work is hard to substantiate.
    Ex. There might be some difficulty with agencies who see us as ' horning in' on their territory.
    Ex. Information technology invades every facet of industrial, business and personal life.
    Ex. Doomsayers persist in the belief that the book world has been overrun by philistinism.
    Ex. 'I better go in,' Leforte muttered, a wearied, disillusioned expression coming over her pallid features.
    Ex. The information rich are similarly paralyzed because of their inability to create order from all the information washing over them.
    Ex. On October 6, 1976, an angry mob stormed the university to attack students who seemed to threaten the nation.
    Ex. We need to replace those aspects of traditional public library service which have been taken over by other media or rendered redundant by social change.
    ----
    * invadir el terreno (de Alguien) = encroach on/upon + Posesivo + domain.
    * invadir la intimidad de Alguien = intrude on + Posesivo + privacy.
    * * *
    verbo transitivo
    a) ejército/fuerzas to invade
    b) <espacio aéreo/aguas> to enter, encroach upon

    invadió nuestras aguas jurisdiccionales — it encroached upon o entered our territorial waters

    c) tristeza/alegría to overcome, overwhelm

    lo invadió un gran pesar — he was overcome o overwhelmed with sorrow

    * * *
    = encroach on/upon, muscle in, horn in, invade, overrun [over-run], come over, wash over, storm, take over.

    Ex: We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.

    Ex: They are, however, very much in a minority in the high technology field and any feeling that the products of such courses are ' muscling in' on library and information work is hard to substantiate.
    Ex: There might be some difficulty with agencies who see us as ' horning in' on their territory.
    Ex: Information technology invades every facet of industrial, business and personal life.
    Ex: Doomsayers persist in the belief that the book world has been overrun by philistinism.
    Ex: 'I better go in,' Leforte muttered, a wearied, disillusioned expression coming over her pallid features.
    Ex: The information rich are similarly paralyzed because of their inability to create order from all the information washing over them.
    Ex: On October 6, 1976, an angry mob stormed the university to attack students who seemed to threaten the nation.
    Ex: We need to replace those aspects of traditional public library service which have been taken over by other media or rendered redundant by social change.
    * invadir el terreno (de Alguien) = encroach on/upon + Posesivo + domain.
    * invadir la intimidad de Alguien = intrude on + Posesivo + privacy.

    * * *
    invadir [I1 ]
    vt
    1 «ejército/fuerzas» to invade
    los manifestantes invadieron la plaza the demonstrators poured into the square
    los turistas que invaden el pueblo cada verano the tourists who invade the town each summer
    una plaga de langostas invadió la plantación the plantation was overrun by a plague of locusts
    el virus invade todo el organismo the virus invades the whole organism
    la televisión invade nuestros hogares television is invading our homes
    2 ‹espacio aéreo/aguas› to enter, encroach upon
    había invadido nuestras aguas jurisdiccionales it had encroached upon o entered our territorial waters
    el autobús invadió la calzada contraria the bus went onto the wrong side of the road
    el gobierno invadió las atribuciones del poder judicial the government encroached upon the powers of the judiciary
    3 «tristeza/alegría» to overcome, overwhelm
    se sintió invadido de una sensación de angustia he felt overcome by o filled with a feeling of anxiety
    * * *

    invadir ( conjugate invadir) verbo transitivo
    a) [ejército/fuerzas] to invade

    b) ‹espacio aéreo/aguas› to enter, encroach upon

    c) [tristeza/alegría] to overcome, overwhelm

    invadir verbo transitivo to invade
    figurado los trabajadores invadieron la calle, workers poured out onto the street
    ' invadir' also found in these entries:
    English:
    encroach
    - invade
    - overrun
    - over
    * * *
    1. [sujeto: ejército] to invade;
    el caza invadió el espacio aéreo ruso the fighter plane encroached on Russian airspace;
    una plaga de langostas invadió los campos a plague of locusts invaded the fields
    2. [sujeto: turistas]
    los turistas invadieron el museo the tourists poured o flooded into the museum;
    la población invadió las calles people poured onto the streets
    3. [sujeto: sentimiento] to overcome, to overwhelm;
    lo invadió la tristeza he was overcome o overwhelmed by sadness;
    nos invade la alegría we are overcome o overwhelmed with joy;
    me invadió una sensación repentina de cansancio a sudden feeling of tiredness overcame me
    4. [sujeto: vehículo]
    el vehículo invadió el carril contrario the vehicle went onto the wrong side of the road;
    la moto invadió la acera y atropelló a dos peatones the motorbike mounted the Br pavement o US sidewalk and hit two pedestrians
    5. [sobrepasar límite de]
    acusaron al ministro de invadir las competencias de otro departamento the minister was accused of encroaching upon another department's area of responsibility;
    los fotógrafos invadieron la intimidad de la actriz the photographers invaded the actress' privacy
    * * *
    v/t
    1 invade;
    invadir el carril contrario go onto the wrong side of the road
    2 de un sentimiento overcome
    * * *
    : to invade
    * * *
    invadir vb to invade

    Spanish-English dictionary > invadir

  • 3 entremeterse

    1→ link=entrometerse entrometerse
    * * *
    = barge in, elbow into, meddle (in/with), intrude, horn in, muscle in, encroach on/upon.
    Ex. 'Nah,' Kate chuckled, getting her drift, and then said 'I would've just barged in there and dared them to throw me out!'.
    Ex. More and more companies are already elbowing into this fledgling but potentially lucrative industry.
    Ex. It also can give the impression that Finland is meddling in the internal affairs of other nations.
    Ex. Although every assistance should be given to the user of the microfilm collection, attendants should be careful not to intrude.
    Ex. There might be some difficulty with agencies who see us as ' horning in' on their territory.
    Ex. They are, however, very much in a minority in the high technology field and any feeling that the products of such courses are ' muscling in' on library and information work is hard to substantiate.
    Ex. We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.
    * * *
    = barge in, elbow into, meddle (in/with), intrude, horn in, muscle in, encroach on/upon.

    Ex: 'Nah,' Kate chuckled, getting her drift, and then said 'I would've just barged in there and dared them to throw me out!'.

    Ex: More and more companies are already elbowing into this fledgling but potentially lucrative industry.
    Ex: It also can give the impression that Finland is meddling in the internal affairs of other nations.
    Ex: Although every assistance should be given to the user of the microfilm collection, attendants should be careful not to intrude.
    Ex: There might be some difficulty with agencies who see us as ' horning in' on their territory.
    Ex: They are, however, very much in a minority in the high technology field and any feeling that the products of such courses are ' muscling in' on library and information work is hard to substantiate.
    Ex: We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.

    * * *
    vpr
    [inmiscuirse] to interfere, to meddle (en in)
    * * *
    v/r → entrometerse
    * * *

    Spanish-English dictionary > entremeterse

  • 4 entrometerse

    pron.v.
    1 to interfere.
    2 to meddle, to barge in, to burst in, to butt in.
    María interfiere siempre Mary interferes always.
    * * *
    1 to meddle, interfere
    * * *
    verb
    to interfere, meddle
    * * *
    VPR (=interferir) to meddle, interfere (en in, with)
    (=molestar) to intrude
    * * *
    verbo pronominal to meddle

    no te entrometas — keep out of it o stop meddling

    * * *
    = encroach on/upon, muscle in, horn in, intrude, meddle (in/with), elbow into, barge in, poke about/(a)round/into/in, snoop about/(a)round/into/in, nose about/(a)round/into/in, pry (into).
    Ex. We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.
    Ex. They are, however, very much in a minority in the high technology field and any feeling that the products of such courses are ' muscling in' on library and information work is hard to substantiate.
    Ex. There might be some difficulty with agencies who see us as ' horning in' on their territory.
    Ex. Although every assistance should be given to the user of the microfilm collection, attendants should be careful not to intrude.
    Ex. It also can give the impression that Finland is meddling in the internal affairs of other nations.
    Ex. More and more companies are already elbowing into this fledgling but potentially lucrative industry.
    Ex. 'Nah,' Kate chuckled, getting her drift, and then said 'I would've just barged in there and dared them to throw me out!'.
    Ex. While poking about among books children naturally discuss those they have read, swopping responses, and so leading each other on.
    Ex. Apparently many employees (nearly half) have the habit of snooping around within the company.
    Ex. He then decided to solve the mystery of the death of an reporter who was killed while nosing about in a decommissioned navy yard.
    Ex. The committee should be prevented from forcibly prying into the private affairs of the people.
    * * *
    verbo pronominal to meddle

    no te entrometas — keep out of it o stop meddling

    * * *
    = encroach on/upon, muscle in, horn in, intrude, meddle (in/with), elbow into, barge in, poke about/(a)round/into/in, snoop about/(a)round/into/in, nose about/(a)round/into/in, pry (into).

    Ex: We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.

    Ex: They are, however, very much in a minority in the high technology field and any feeling that the products of such courses are ' muscling in' on library and information work is hard to substantiate.
    Ex: There might be some difficulty with agencies who see us as ' horning in' on their territory.
    Ex: Although every assistance should be given to the user of the microfilm collection, attendants should be careful not to intrude.
    Ex: It also can give the impression that Finland is meddling in the internal affairs of other nations.
    Ex: More and more companies are already elbowing into this fledgling but potentially lucrative industry.
    Ex: 'Nah,' Kate chuckled, getting her drift, and then said 'I would've just barged in there and dared them to throw me out!'.
    Ex: While poking about among books children naturally discuss those they have read, swopping responses, and so leading each other on.
    Ex: Apparently many employees (nearly half) have the habit of snooping around within the company.
    Ex: He then decided to solve the mystery of the death of an reporter who was killed while nosing about in a decommissioned navy yard.
    Ex: The committee should be prevented from forcibly prying into the private affairs of the people.

    * * *
    to meddle
    no te entrometas keep out of it o stop meddling o stop interfering
    entrometerse EN algo to meddle IN sth
    siempre tiene que entrometerse en la vida de los demás he always has to meddle o interfere in other people's lives
    * * *

    entrometerse ( conjugate entrometerse) verbo pronominal
    to meddle
    entrometerse verbo reflexivo to meddle, interfere [en, in]
    ' entrometerse' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    meterse
    - mangonear
    English:
    barge in
    - interfere
    - intrude
    - meddle
    - mind
    - muscle
    - pry
    - stick
    - nose
    * * *
    to interfere, to meddle (en in);
    tú no te entrometas, yo arreglaré esto don't you go interfering, I'll sort this out myself;
    no te entrometas donde no debes don't interfere where you shouldn't;
    no hacía más que entrometerse en mis asuntos she did nothing but interfere o meddle in my affairs
    * * *
    <part entrometido> v/r meddle (en in)
    * * *
    : to interfere, to meddle
    * * *
    entrometerse vb to interfere

    Spanish-English dictionary > entrometerse

  • 5 Algo que es prescindible

    (adj.) = inessential
    Ex. We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.
    * * *
    (adj.) = inessential

    Ex: We have not been alone, of course, in our concentration on inessentials; and ours is not the only profession that is being encroached upon by alternative professionals.

    Spanish-English dictionary > Algo que es prescindible

  • 6 معتدى عليه

    مُعْتدىً عَلَيْه
    victim, aggrieved party, wronged party; aggrieved, wronged; assaulted, attacked, assailed; trespassed, transgressed, encroached upon, invaded, infringed, impinged upon, entrenched upon

    Arabic-English new dictionary > معتدى عليه

  • 7 okrnjen

    pp & adj (oštećen) chipped, broken (off), notched; (lik, oblik) truncated I time su -a moja prava my rights have thereby been encroached upon (ili been injured/curtailed)
    * * *
    • truncated

    Hrvatski-Engleski rječnik > okrnjen

  • 8 منتهك

    مُنْتَهَك: مَنْقُوض، مُعْتَدىً عَلَيْهِ
    violated, infringed, broken, infracted, contravened, transgressed; trespassed, encroached upon, intruded on, invaded

    Arabic-English new dictionary > منتهك

  • 9 neokrnjen

    pp & adj integral, unbroken, inviolate, uncurtailed, not encroached upon; (ne-okrhnut) unchipped, undamaged; (do) whole, entire; (nenarušen) unimpaired

    Hrvatski-Engleski rječnik > neokrnjen

  • 10 посягнуть

    1. trench on
    2. trench up
    3. encroach; attempt
    Синонимический ряд:
    покуситься (глаг.) поднять руку; покуситься

    Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > посягнуть

  • 11 παρορίζω

    A limit, define, Longin.2.2, 10.6.
    II outstep one's boundaries, encroach on a neighbour's property, AP11.209 (Ammian.), AB293:—[voice] Pass., have the boundaries extended, Inscr.Prien.37.142, al. (ii B. C.) ; have one's land encroached upon, BGU 615 iii 4 (ii/iii A. D.).
    III [voice] Pass., to be displaced, Plu.2.353e.

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > παρορίζω

  • 12 ἐπινέμω

    A allot, distribute,

    σῖτον ἑλὼν ἐπένειμε τραπέζῃ Il.9.216

    , 24.625: c. dat. pers.,

    σῖτον δέ σφ' ἐπένειμε Od.20.254

    ; ἐφ' ἑκατέρῳ τὸ

    μέρος ἐ. ἑκάτερον Pl.Plt. 264d

    .
    II. turn one's cattle to graze on another's land,

    ἐάν τις βοσκήματα ἐπινέμῃ Id.Lg. 843d

    ; τὰ κτήνη παρὰ τὸν

    ποταμόν Arist.Pol. 1305a26

    , cf.D.55.11; enjoy right of pasturage, Berl. Sitzb.1927.7 ([dialect] Locr., v B.C.).
    b. ἐ. σῖτον graze a crop, Thphr.HP 8.7.4.
    2. metaph. in [voice] Med., encroach, of fire, πῦρ ἐ. τὸ ἄστυ spreads over the town, Hdt.5.101;

    πῦρ ἐ. τὴν γραφήν Plu.Demetr.22

    : abs.,

    τὸ πῦρ ταχέως -νέμετο Plb.14.5.7

    ;

    τὸ πῦρ ἐκώλυσαν.. ἐπινεμηθῆναι D.S.17.26

    ; also of disease, spread, τὸ ἐρυσίπελας ταχὺ πάντοθεν

    ἐπενέμετο Hp.Epid.3.4

    ;

    ἡ νόσος ἐπενείματο Ἀθήνας Th.2.54

    , cf. Plu. 2.776f: abs., Aret.SA1.7: generally, of a piratical force, ἐπενείματο

    τὴν θάλασσαν Plu.Pomp.25

    ; of an army,

    ἐ. τὴν Γαλατίαν Id.Caes.19

    ; of a custom, spread among,

    τινάς Id.Demetr.18

    ; approach, Μοισᾶν

    ἀπὸ τόξων Δία.. βέλεσσιν Pi.O.9.6

    .
    c. feed on, consume,

    κόμην Call. Dian.79

    ;

    δαῖτα Nic.Al. 510

    , cf. Plu.2.980d: abs., ib.293a.
    d. inhabit, Luc.Bacch.6.
    3. metaph. in [voice] Pass., to be encroached upon, as if by cattle straying over the bounds of their pasture, θῆλυς ὅρος

    ἐπινέμεται A.Ag. 485

     (lyr.).

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > ἐπινέμω

  • 13 μείγνυμι

    μείγνυμι or [full] μίγνυμι, μ<ε> ίγνυσι Pl.Lg. 691e; imper. μ<ε> ίγνυ Id.Phlb. 63e:—also μ<ε> ιγνύω, Damox.2.60, Arist.HA 627a23, Thphr. Lap.53, etc.: [tense] impf. ἐμ<ε> ίγνυν, pl. ἐμ<ε>ίγνυσαν ( συν-) X.Cyr.8.1.46; poet. μ<ε> ίγνυον Pi.N.4.21: [tense] fut. μ<ε> ίξω Od.22.221 ( μετα-), S.OC 1047 (lyr.), Pl.Phlb. 64b: [tense] aor. ἔμ<ε> ιξα Archil.86, Pi.I.7(6).25, etc.; inf. μ<ε> ῖξαι Il.15.510: [tense] pf. μέμῐχα ( συμ-) Plb.16.10.1, 38.13.5: [tense] plpf. ἐμεμίχειν [pron. full] [ῐ] ( συν-) D.C.47.45:—[voice] Med. and [voice] Pass., [full] μ<ε>ίγνυμαι Pl. Phd. 113c: [tense] impf. ἐμ<ε>ίγνυντο (ἐπ-) Th.2.1: [tense] fut. μ<ε> ίξομαι Od.6.136, 24.314, μεμ<ε> ίξομαι Hes.Op. 179, μ<ε> ιχθήσομαι Aeschin.1.166 ( ἀνα-), Palaeph.13; also
    A

    μῐγήσομαι Il.10.365

    : [tense] aor. 1 ἐμίχθη ib. 457, ἐμ<ε> ίχθην A.Supp. 295, Hdt.2.181, Ph.Bel.70.5, etc.; inf.

    μιχθήμεναι Il. 11.438

    ; but in Hom. and [dialect] Att. more commonly [tense] aor. 2 ἐμίγην [ῐ]; [dialect] Ep.

    μίγην Il.21.143

    ; inf.

    μιγήμεναι 15.409

    ,

    μιγῆν Parm.12.5

    ; both forms in Trag., μ<ε>ιχθῆναι A.l.c., al. (v. infr.),

    μιγῆναι Id.Pr.738

    : [dialect] Ep. [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.

    ἔμικτο Od.1.433

    ,

    μίκτο Il.11.354

    , 16.813, A.R.3.1223; part. μίγμενος in trans. sense, Nic. Al. 574: [tense] aor. [voice] Med. ἐμ<ε> ιξάμην Thphr. CP3.22.3: [tense] pf.

    μέμιγμαι Il.10.424

    , etc.; [ per.] 3pl. ἀνα-μεμ<ε> ίχαται Hdt.1.146: [tense] plpf.

    ἐμέμικτο Il.4.438

    .—For the [tense] pres. and [tense] impf. Hom. and Hdt. always use μίσγω, which occurs once in Trag., S.Fr. 271 (anap.), never in Com., sts. in [dialect] Att. Prose, Th.6.104 ( προς-), Thphr.Sens.43; part.

    μίσγων Pl.Ti. 41d

    ; also [tense] impf.

    ἔμισγον Th.3.22

     ( προς-), Pl.Ti. l.c.; also in later Prose, Plb.9.8.9 ( προς-), 18.32.2, 31.17.5 ( συμ-), PTeb.12.7, 18, 26.3 ( συμ-, ii B. C.), etc.: [dialect] Ep. [tense] impf.

    ἐμισγέσκοντο Od. 20.7

    . (In codd. usu. [pref] μι- in all tenses and derivs.; in Inscrr. and Pap. freq. [pref] μει-, e.g.

    μειγνύς Phld.Mus.p.13

     K.,

    μειγνύμενος Limen.14

     ( 128/7 B.C.),

    ὀν-εμείχνυτο Sapph.Supp. 20c

    .2 ( = pp.21,78 Lobel, ὀνεμίγνυτο ib. 20b.4): [tense] fut. inf. συν-μείσχι[ν] IG12.920 (vi B. C.): [tense] aor.

    συνέμειξα PPetr.2p.64

     (iii B. C.); inf.

    συμ-μεῖξαι PEleph.29.11

     (iii B. C.): [tense] pf. [voice] Pass.

    μέμειγμαι Phld.Vit.p.34

     J.: [tense] aor. [voice] Pass.

    ἐμείχθην A.Fr.99.5

     (Pap. of ii B. C.), E.Antiop.iv B 45 (Pap. of iii B. C.), Phld.Po.2.12; similarly

    μεῖξις Id.Mus.p.65

     K.; σύμ-μεικτος freq. in [dialect] Att. Inscrr., IG 22.1388.63 (iv B. C.), al.;

    μεικτός PCair.Zen.292.25

    , al. (iii B. C.): [pref] μι- is found in

    συνανα-μιγνύμενα Phld.D.3.9

    ,

    μιγνύωσι Id.Ir.p.41

     K.: [tense] aor. inf.

    συμ-μῖξαι SIG568.6

     (Halasarna, late iii B. C.): [tense] pf. part. [voice] Pass. μεμιγμένος Wilcken Chr.198.12 (iii B. C.): [tense] aor. part. [voice] Pass.

    μιχθείς Pae.Erythr.5

     (iv B. C. and ii A. D., v. l. μει- ii A. D.); similarly

    σύμ-μικτος AJA31.350

     (vase, v B. C.); the oldest forms were prob. μίσγω μείξω ἔμειξα μέμιγμαι ἐμίχθην (μίκτο) μεῖγμα μίξις μικτός (cf. the forms of τεύχω, φεύγω, etc.); the μει- forms already in v B. C. had encroached, and after 150 B.C. were freq. written μι- (i. e. μῑ-)):— mix, strictly of liquids,

    οἶνον ἐνὶ κρητῆρσι καὶ ὕδωρ Od.1.110

    , etc.; also of a solid and liquid,

    θρόμβῳ δ' ἔμ<ε>ιξεν αἵματος φίλον γάλα A.Ch. 546

    ; of two solids,

    ἅλεσσι μεμιγμένον εἶδαρ Od.11.123

    ; also

    μ. ἐκ γῆς καὶ πυρός Pl.Prt. 320d

    ;

    μ<ε>ιγνὺς [ταῦτα] μετὰ τῆς οὐσιας Id.Ti. 35b

    :—[voice] Med. for [voice] Act., AP7.44 ([place name] Ion), Nic.Th. 603:—[voice] Pass., v. infr. B.
    II generally, join, bring together, in various ways:
    1 in hostile sense, μ<ε>ῖξαι χεῖράς τε μένος τε join battle hand to hand, Il.15.510;

    μ<ε>ίξαντες.. Ἄρευα Alc.31

    ;

    Κόλχοισι βίαν μ. Pi.P.4.213

    ; χερσὶν ἐναντία χεῖρας ἔμ<ε> ιξεν A.R.2.78; Ἄρη μ<ε> ίξουσιν S.OC 1047 (lyr.):—[voice] Pass.,

    μ<ε>ιγνυμένου πολέμου Callin.1.11

    .
    b in good sense, ἀλώπηξ καἰετὸς ξυνωνίην ἔμ<ε> ιξαν Archil.86.
    2 bring into connexion with, make acquainted with,

    ἄνδρας.. μισγέμεναι κακότητι καὶ ἄλγεσι Od.20.203

    ; Καδμεῖοί νιν.. ἄνθεσι μ<ε> ίγνυον covered him with flowers, Pi.N.4.21; reversely, ᾧ πότμον.. Ἄρης ἔμ<ε> ιξεν upon whom A. brought death, Id.l.7(6).25.
    B [voice] Pass., with [tense] fut. [voice] Med. μείξομαι (v. sub init.):—to be mixed up with, mingled among,

    προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη Il.5.134

    , etc.;

    ἐνὶ προμάχοισι μιγέντα Od.18.379

    ; [

    σῆμα] οὔ τι μεμιγμένον ἐστὶν ὁμίλῳ 8.196

    ; ἐώλπει μ<ε>ίξεσθαι ξενίῃ hoped to hold intercourse in guest-friendship, 24.314;

    Τρώεσσιν ἐν ἀγρομένοισιν ἔμιχθεν Il.3.209

    , cf. 10.180; ἐν ταῖς κακαῖσιν ἁγαθαὶ μεμ<ε> ιγμέναι E. Ion 399; hold intercourse with, live with, Od.7.247, etc.;

    ἐμίσγετο δαίμονι δαίμων Emp.59.1

    ;

    αἷς οὐ μ<ε>ίγνυται θεῶν τις A.Eu.69

    : abs., hold intercourse,

    θάμ' ἐνθάδ' ἐόντες ἐμισγόμεθ' Od.4.178

    .
    b to be mixed or compounded,

    μεμ<ε>ιγμένον μέλι σὺν γάλακτι Pi.N.3.77

    ;

    Κύπριδος ἐλπὶς.. μειγνυμένα Διονυσίοισι δώροις B.Scol.Oxy. 1361

     Fr.1.9; σύλλογος νέων καὶ πρεσβυτέρων μεμ<ε> ιγμένος Pl.Lg. 951d, cf. E.Fr. 997;

    μεμ<ε>ιγμένην πολιτείαν ἐκ κακοῦ τε καὶ ἀγαθοῦ Pl.R. 548c

    ;

    ἔκ τε ταὐτοῦ καὶ θατέρου καὶ τῆς οὐσίας μ. Id.Ti. 35b

    .
    2 to be brought into contact with, κάρη κονίῃσιν ἐμίχθη his head wasrolled in the dust, Il.10.457, Od.22.329;

    ὅτ' ἐν κονίῃσι μιγείης Il.3.55

    ; οὐδ' ἔτ' ἔασε [ἔγχος].. μιχθήμεναι ἔγκασι φωτός she let not the spear reach them, 11.438;

    κλισίῃσι μιγήμεναι 15.409

    ; ἐς Ἀχαιοὺς μίσγετο went to join them, 18.216; ἔσω μίσγεσθαι to come among us in the house, Od.18.49; μίσγεσθαι ὑπὲρ ποταμοῖο to join the rest across the river, Il.23.73: freq. in Pi. in various senses, c. dat. (with or without ἐν), come to,

    ἔν τ' Ὠκεανοῦ πελάγεσσι μίγεν P.4.251

    ; Λακεδαιμονίων μιχθέντες ἀνδρῶν ἤθεσιν ib. 257; ἐν αἱμακουρίαις μέμικται is present at that feast, O.1.91; φύλλοις ἐλαιᾶν μιχθέντα, στεφάνοις ἔμιχθεν ([ per.] 3pl.), come to, i.e. win, the crown of victory, N.1.18, 2.22;

    μ. εὐλογίαις I.3.3

    ; μ. ἐν τιμαῖς ib.2.29; μ. θάμβει to be affected by amazement, N.1.56; also βροτοὶ ξὺν κακοῖς μεμ<ε> ιγμένοι S.El. 1485.
    3 in hostile sense, mix in fight, Il.4.456, cf. Od.5.317; ἐν δαΐ, ἐν παλάμῃσι μ., Il.13.286, 21.469.
    4 in Hom. and Hes. most freq. of the sexes, have intercourse with, both of the man and the woman, sts. abs., Il.9.275, etc.: more freq. μιγῆναί τινι, of the man, 21.143, etc.; of the woman, Od.1.73;

    ἄρσενι θῆλυ μιγῆν Parm.12.5

    , cf. Pi.P.3.14, al.; but in Trag. only of the man, as μητρὶ μ<ε>ιχθῆναι, μιγῆναι, S.OT 791, 995; but in Com.

    μ<ε>ιγνυμένας τοῖσιν ἀδελφοῖς Ar.Ra. 1081

     (anap.): in Prose [tense] pres. μίσγεσθαι in this sense, of the man, Hdt.2.64, etc.; of the woman, Id.1.5, 199, Od.22.445; in full, φιλότητί τινι μιγῆναι, of the man, Il.6.165; of the woman, ib. 161, Hes.Th. 927, 970, etc.; ἐμισγέσθην φ., of the two, Il.14.295; ἐν φιλότητι μίσγεσθαι (with or without τινι), of the man, 2.232, 24.131; of the woman, h.Hom.33.5; Διὸς φιλότητι μιγῆναι, Διὸς ἐν φ. μ., of the woman, Hes.Th. 920, h.Merc.4; σῇ φ. μ., of the man, h.Ven. 150; εὐνῇ μ., of the man, Od. 1.433; φιλότητι καὶ εὐνῇ, of the man, Il.3.445, cf. Od.15.420; of the woman, 5.126; but

    ἐν ἀγκοίνῃσι Διός 11.268

    : c. acc. cogn.,

    φιλότης.., ἣν ἐμίγης Il.15.33

    .—The [tense] aor. I is not used in this sense by Hom., but occurs in the Hymns, h.Ven.46, al.; the [tense] aor. I is more freq. in Hes. and Pi. (Cf. Lat. misceo, Skt. meksáyati 'stir', miśrás 'mixed'.)

    Greek-English dictionary (Αγγλικά Ελληνικά-λεξικό) > μείγνυμι

  • 14 ἀπό

    ἀπό (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. (see the lit. on ἀνά, beg., also for ἀπό: KDieterich, IndogF 24, 1909, 93–158; LfgrE s.v.). Basic sense ‘separation from’ someone or someth., fr. which the other uses have developed. In the NT it has encroached on the domain of Att. ἐκ, ὑπό, παρά, and the gen. of separation; s. Mlt. 102; 246; Mlt-Turner 258f.
    ① a marker to indicate separation from a place, whether person or thing, from, away from
    ⓐ w. all verbs denoting motion, esp. those compounded w. ἀπό: ἀπάγεσθαι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ἀπελαύνειν, ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἀπολύεσθαι, ἀποπλανᾶσθαι, ἀποστέλλειν, ἀποφεύγειν, ἀποχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρίζεσθαι; but also w. ἀνίστασθαι, διαστῆναι, διέρχεσθαι, ἐκδημεῖν, ἐκκινεῖν, ἐκπλεῖν, ἐκπορεύεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἐξωθεῖν, ἐπιδιδόναι, μεταβαίνειν, μετατίθεσθαι, νοσφίζειν, παραγίνεσθαι, πλανᾶσθαι, πορεύεσθαι, ὑπάγειν, ὑποστρέφειν, φεύγειν; s. the entries in question.
    ⓑ w. all verbs expressing the idea of separation ἐκβάλλειν τὸ κάρφος ἀ. τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ remove the splinter fr. the eye Mt 7:4 v.l. (for ἐκ). ἐξέβαλον ἀπὸ τῆς πήρας αὐτῶν δῶρα they set forth gifts out of their travel bags GJs 21:3. ἀπολύεσθαι ἀ. ἀνδρός be divorced fr. her husband Lk 16:18, cp. Ac 15:33. ἀποκυλίειν, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, ἀποστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι, ἐπανάγειν, αἴρειν, ἀφαιρεῖν, ἀπολέσθαι, μερίζειν et al., s. the pertinent entries. So also κενὸς ἀ. τινος Hs 9, 19, 2. ἔρημος ἀ. τινος (Jer 51:2) 2 Cl 2:3. W. verbs which express the concept of separation in the wider sense, like loose, free, acquit et al. ἀπορφανίζειν, ἀποσπᾶν, διεγείρεσθαι, δικαιοῦν, ἐκδικοῦν, ἐλευθεροῦν, λούειν, λύειν, λυτροῦν, ῥαντίζειν, σαλεύειν, στέλλειν, σῴζειν, φθείρειν, s. the entries; hence also ἀθῷος (Sus 46 Theod. v.l.) Mt 27:24. καθαρὸς ἀ. τινος (Tob 3:14; but s. Dssm. NB 24 [BS 196; 216]) Ac 20:26; cp. Kuhring 54.
    ⓒ verbs meaning be on guard, be ashamed, etc., take ἀπό to express the occasion or object of their caution, shame, or fear; so αἰσχύνεσθαι, βλέπειν, μετανοεῖν, προσέχειν, φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάσσειν, φυλάσσεσθαι; s. 5 below.
    ⓓ w. verbs of concealing, hiding, hindering, the pers. from whom someth. is concealed is found w. ἀπό; so κρύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, παρακαλύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, κωλύειν τι ἀπό τινος; s. the entries.
    ⓔ in pregnant constr. like ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ be separated fr. Christ by a curse Ro 9:3. μετανοεῖν ἀ. τ. κακίας (Jer 8:6) Ac 8:22. ἀποθνῄσκειν ἀ. τινος through death become free from Col 2:20. φθείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. ἁπλότητος be ruinously diverted from wholehearted commitment 2 Cor 11:3. Cp. Hs 6, 2, 4.
    ⓕ as a substitute for the partitive gen. (Hdt. 6, 27, 2; Thu. 7, 87, 6; PPetr III, 11, 20; PIand 8, 6; Kuhring 20; Rossberg 22; Johannessohn, Präp. 17) τίνα ἀ. τῶν δύο; Mt 27:21, cp. Lk 9:38; 19:39 (like PTebt 299, 13; 1 Macc 1:13; 3:24; Sir 6:6; 46:8). τὰ ἀ. τοῦ πλοίου pieces of the ship Ac 27:44. ἐκχεῶ ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματός μου Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f). λαμβάνειν ἀ. τ. καρπῶν get a share of the vintage Mk 12:2 (cp. Just., A I, 65, 5 μεταλαβεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ … ἄρτου).—Of foods (as in Da 1:13, 4:33a; 2 Macc 7:1) ἐσθίειν ἀ. τ. ψιχίων eat some of the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28. χορτάζεσθαι ἀ. τινος eat one’s fill of someth. Lk 16:21. αἴρειν ἀ. τῶν ἰχθύων pick up the remnants of the fish Mk 6:43. ἐνέγκατε ἀ. τ. ὀψαρίων bring some of the fish J 21:10 (the only instance of this usage in J; s. M-EBoismard, Le chapitre 21 de Saint Jean: RB 54 [’47] 492).—Of drink (cp. Sir 26:12) πίνειν ἀπὸ τ. γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου drink the product of the vine Lk 22:18.
    ② to indicate the point from which someth. begins, whether lit. or fig.
    ⓐ of place from, out from (Just., D. 86, 1 ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας ὕδωρ ἀναβλύσαν ‘gushing out of the rock’) σημεῖον ἀ. τ. οὐρανοῦ a sign fr. heaven Mk 8:11. ἀ. πόλεως εἰς πόλιν from one city to another Mt 23:34. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν (Dt 30:4; Ps 18:7) from one end of heaven to the other 24:31, cp. Mk 13:27. ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕως κάτω from top to bottom Mt 27:51. ἀρξάμενοι ἀ. Ἰερουσαλήμ beginning in Jerusalem Lk 24:47 (s. also Lk 23:5; Ac 1:22; 10:37). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξήχηται ὁ λόγος τ. κυρίου the word of the Lord has gone out from you and sounded forth 1 Th 1:8. ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, ἀπὸ νότου in the north, in the south (PCairGoodsp 6, 5 [129 B.C.] ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ νότου πεδίῳ; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11A col. 1, 12f [123 B.C.] τὸ ἀπὸ νότου τῆς πόλεως χῶμα; ln. 7 ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τῆς πόλεως; 70, 16 al.; Josh 18:5; 19:34; 1 Km 14:5) Rv 21:13.
    ⓑ of time from … (on), since (POxy 523, 4; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; s. Kuhring 54ff).
    α. ἀ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου from the days of John Mt 11:12. ἀ. τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης 9:22. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382) Mt 22:46; J 11:53. ἔτη ἑπτὰ ἀ. τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς for seven years fr. the time she was a virgin Lk 2:36. ἀ. ἐτῶν δώδεκα for 12 years 8:43. ἀ. τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός Ac 23:23. ἀ. κτίσεως κόσμου Ro 1:20. ἀ. πέρυσι since last year, a year ago 2 Cor 8:10; 9:2.—ἀπʼ αἰῶνος, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπʼ ἄρτι (also ἀπαρτί and ἄρτι), ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τότε, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν; s. the pertinent entries.
    β. w. the limits defined, forward and backward: ἀπὸ … ἕως (Jos., Ant. 6, 364) Mt 27:45. ἀπὸ … ἄχρι Phil 1:5. ἀπὸ … μέχρι Ac 10:30; Ro 5:14; 15:19.
    γ. ἀφʼ ἧς (sc. ὥρας or ἡμέρας, which is found Col 1:6, 9; but ἀφʼ ἧς became a fixed formula: ParJer 7:28; Plut., Pelop. [285] 15, 5; s. B-D-F §241, 2) since Lk 7:45 (Renehan ’75, 36f); Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 6, 6; 1 Macc 1:11). ἀφʼ οὗ (sc.—as in X., Cyr. 1, 2, 13—χρόνου; Att. ins in Meisterhans.3-Schw. and s. Witkowski, index 163; ἀφʼ οὗ is also a formula) since, when once (X., Symp. 4, 62; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 Jac.; Lucian, Dial. Mar. 15, 1; Ex 5:23 GrBar 3:6) Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18 (cp. Da 12:1; 1 Macc 9:29; 16:24; 2 Macc 1:7; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 23; GrBar; Jos., Ant. 4, 78). τρία ἔτη ἀφʼ οὗ (cp. Tob 5:35 S) Lk 13:7. ἀφότε s. ὅτε 1aγ end.
    ⓒ the beg. of a series from … (on).
    α. ἀρξάμενος ἀ. Μωϋσέως καὶ ἀ. πάντων τ. προφητῶν beginning w. Moses and all the prophets Lk 24:27. ἕβδομος ἀ. Ἀδάμ Jd 14 (Diod S 1, 50, 3 ὄγδοος ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρός [ancestor]; Appian, Mithrid. 9 §29 τὸν ἕκτον ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Μιθριδάτην; Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 4; Diog. L. 3, 1: Plato in the line of descent was ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος; Biogr. p. 31: Homer δέκατος ἀπὸ Μουσαίου). ἀ. διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω Mt 2:16 (cp. Num 1:20; 2 Esdr 3:8).
    β. w. both beg. and end given ἀπὸ … ἕως (Sir 18:26; 1 Macc 9:13) Mt 1:17; 23:35; Ac 8:10. Sim., ἀ. δόξης εἰς δόξαν fr. glory to glory 2 Cor 3:18.
    ③ to indicate origin or source, from
    ⓐ lit., with verbs of motion
    α. down from πίπτειν ἀ. τραπέζης Mt 15:27. καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀ. θρόνων God has dethroned rulers Lk 1:52.
    β. from ἔρχεσθαι ἀ. θεοῦ J 3:2; cp. 13:3; 16:30. παραγίνεται ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mt 3:13; ἀ. ἀνατολῶν ἥξουσιν 8:11 (Is 49:12; 59:19); ἀ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπορεύετο 24:1; ἀ. Παμφυλίας Ac 15:38. ἐγείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. νεκρῶν be raised from the dead Mt 14:2.
    ⓑ lit., to indicate someone’s local origin from (Hom. et al.; Soph., El. 701; Hdt. 8, 114; ins [RevArch 4 sér. IV 1904 p. 9 ἀπὸ Θεσσαλονίκης]; pap [HBraunert, Binnenwanderung ’64, 384, s.v.; PFlor 14, 2; 15, 5; 17, 4; 22, 13 al.]; Judg 12:8; 13:2; 17:1 [all three acc. to B]; 2 Km 23:20 al.; Jos., Bell. 3, 422, Vi. 217; Just., A I, 1 τῶν ἀπὸ Φλαουί̈ας Νέας πόλεως; s. B-D-F §209, 3; Rob. 578) ἦν ἀ. Βηθσαϊδά he was from B. J 1:44; cp. 12:21. ὄχλοι ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας crowds fr. Galilee Mt 4:25. ἄνδρες ἀ. παντὸς ἔθνους Ac 2:5. ἀνὴρ ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου a man fr. the crowd Lk 9:38. ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἀ. Ναζαρέθ Mt 21:11. οἱ ἀ. Κιλικίας the Cilicians Ac 6:9. οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ἀ. Ἰόππης 10:23 (Musaeus 153 παρθένος ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας; Just., A I, 58, 1 Μακρίωνα … τὸν ἀπὸ Πόντου). οἱ ἀ. Θεσσαλονίκης Ἰουδαῖοι 17:13. οἱ ἀ. τῆς Ἰταλίας the Italians Hb 13:24, who could be inside as well as outside Italy (cp. Dssm., Her. 33, 1898, 344, LO 167, 1 [LAE 200, 3]; Mlt. 237; B-D-F §437).—Rather denoting close association οἱ ἀ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας members of the church Ac 12:1; likew. 15:5 (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 4, 2 οἱ ἀπὸ τ. στοᾶς φιλόσοφοι; Ps.-Demetr. c. 68 οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ=his [Isocrates’] pupils; Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b; 66 p. 206c; PTebt 33, 3 [112 B.C.], Ῥωμαῖος τῶν ἀπὸ συγκλήτου; Ar. 15, 1 Χριστιανοὶ γενεαλογοῦνται ἀπὸ … Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ath.).—To indicate origin in the sense of material fr. which someth. is made (Hdt. 7, 65; Theocr. 15, 117; IPriene 117, 72 ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ; 1 Esdr 8:56; Sir 43:20 v.l.) ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου clothing made of camel’s hair Mt 3:4.
    ⓒ fig., w. verbs of asking, desiring, to denote the pers. of or from whom a thing is asked (Ar. 11, 3): δανίσασθαι ἀπό τινος borrow fr. someone Mt 5:42. ἐκζητεῖν ἀ. τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης Lk 11:51. ἀπαιτεῖν τι ἀπό τινος Lk 12:20. ζητεῖν τι ἀπό τινος 1 Th 2:6. λαμβάνειν τι ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25f; 3J 7.
    ⓓ fig., w. verbs of perceiving, to indicate source of the perception (Lysias, Andoc. 6; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 399b ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων θεωρεῖται ὁ θεός; Appian, Liby. 104 §493 ἀπὸ τῆς σφραγῖδος=[recognize a corpse] by the seal-ring; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 1 στοχάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὀνομάτων; Just., D. 60, 1 τοῦτο νοοῦμεν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων τῶν προλελεγμένων; 100, 2 ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν): ἀ. τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς by their fruits you will know them Mt 7:16, 20. μανθάνειν παραβολὴν ἀ. τῆς συκῆς learn a lesson from the fig tree 24:32; Mk 13:28. ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων μὴ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παραβολήν if we are not to derive our parable solely from reference to seeds (cp. 1 Cor 15:37) AcPlCor 2:28.—Also μανθάνειν τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someone Gal 3:2; Col 1:7.
    ⓔ γράψαι ἀφʼ ὧν ἠδυνήθην, lit., write from what I was able, i.e. as well as I could B 21:9 (cp. Tat. 12, 5 οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώττης οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰκότων οὐδὲ ἀπʼ ἐννοιῶν etc.).
    ④ to indicate distance fr. a point, away from, for μακρὰν ἀ. τινος far fr. someone, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν fr. a great distance s. μακράν, μακρόθεν. ἀπέχειν ἀπό τινος s. ἀπέχω 4. W. detailed measurements (corresp. to Lat. ‘a’, s. B-D-F §161, 1; Rob. 575; WSchulze, Graeca Latina 1901, 15ff; Hdb. on J 11:18; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 12 §42; CB I/2, 390 no. 248) ἦν Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκατέντε Bethany was near Jerusalem, about 15 stades (less than 3 km.) away J 11:18. ὡς ἀπὸ πηχῶν διακοσίων about 200 cubits (c. 90 meters) 21:8. ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων about 1600 stades (c. 320 km.) Rv 14:20; cp. Hv 4, 1, 5 (for other examples of this usage, s. Rydbeck 68).—Hebraistically ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός (Gen 16:6; Jer 4:26; Jdth 2:14; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34; En 103:4; Just., A I, 37, 1 ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἐλέχθησαν διὰ Ἠσαίου … οἵδε οἱ λόγοι ‘in the name of the father … through Isaiah’; 38, 1 al.)=מִפְּנֵי פ׳ ( away) from the presence of someone 2 Th 1:9 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); Rv 12:14 (B-D-F §140; 217, 1; Mlt-H. 466).
    ⑤ to indicate cause, means, or outcome
    ⓐ gener., to show the reason for someth. because of, as a result of, for (numerous ref. in FBleek on Hb 5:7; PFay 111, 4; POxy 3314, 7 [from falling off a horse]; Jdth 2:20; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; AscIs 3:13; Jos., Ant. 9, 56) οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου he could not because of the crowd Lk 19:3; cp. Mk 2:4 D. οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11. ἀ. τοῦ πλήθους τ. ἰχθύων J 21:6 (M-EBoismard, ad loc.: s. 1f end). ἀ. τοῦ ὕδατος for the water Hs 8, 2, 8. ἀ. τῆς θλίψεως because of the persecution Ac 11:19. οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀ. τ. σκανδάλων Mt 18:7 (s. B-D-F §176, 1; Mlt. 246). εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀ. τῆς εὐλαβείας heard because of his piety Hb 5:7 (but the text may be corrupt; at any rate it is obscure and variously interpr.; besides the comm. s. KRomaniuk, Die Gottesfürchtigen im NT: Aegyptus 44, ’64, 84; B-D-F §211; Rob. 580; s. on εὐλάβεια).
    ⓑ to indicate means with the help of, with (Hdt. et al.; Ael. Aristid. 37, 23 K.=2 p. 25 D.; PGM 4, 2128f σφράγιζε ἀπὸ ῥύπου=seal with dirt; En 97:8) γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν ἀ. τ. κερατίων fill one’s stomach w. the husks Lk 15:16 v.l. (s. ἐκ 4aζ; cp. Pr 18:20). οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπʼ αὐτῆς Rv 18:15 (cp. Sir 11:18).
    ⓒ to indicate motive or reason for, from, with (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 13 §52 ἀπʼ εὐνοίας=with goodwill; 1 Macc 6:10; pap exx. in Kuhring 35) κοιμᾶσθαι ἀ. τῆς λύπης sleep from sorrow Lk 22:45. ἀ. τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ Mt 13:44; cp. Lk 24:41; Ac 12:14. ἀ. τοῦ φόβου κράζειν Mt 14:26, ἀ. φόβου καὶ προσδοκίας with fear and expectation Lk 21:26. Hence verbs of fearing, etc., take ἀ. to show the cause of the fear (s. above 1c) μὴ φοβεῖσθαι ἀ. τ. ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα not be afraid of those who kill only the body Mt 10:28; Lk 12:4 (cp. Jdth 5:23; 1 Macc 2:62; 3:22; 8:12; En 106:4).
    ⓓ to indicate the originator of the action denoted by the verb from (Trag., Hdt. et al.) ἀ. σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν Mt 12:38. γινώσκειν ἀπό τινος learn fr. someone Mk 15:45. ἀκούειν ἀ. τοῦ στόματός τινος hear fr. someone’s mouth, i.e. fr. him personally Lk 22:71 (Dionys. Hal. 3, 8 ἀ. στόματος ἤκουσεν); cp. Ac 9:13; 1J 1:5. τὴν ἀ. σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν a promise given by you Ac 23:21 (cp. Ath. 2, 3 ταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν κατηγόρων αἰτίαις ‘the charges made by the accusers’). ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν Hb 11:12. Prob. παραλαμβάνειν ἀ. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 11:23 is to be understood in the same way: Paul is convinced that he is taught by the Lord himself (for direct teaching s. EBröse, Die Präp. ἀπό 1 Cor 11:23: StKr 71, 1898, 351–60; Dssm.; BWeiss; Ltzm.; H-DWendland. But for indirect communication: Zahn et al.). παραλαβὼν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Φιλίππου, ὅτι Papias (11:2); opp. παρειληφέναι ὑπὸ τῶν θ. Φ. (2:9).—Of the more remote cause ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων from human beings (as opposed to transcendent revelation; w. διʼ ἀνθρώπου; cp. Artem. 1, 73 p. 66, 11 ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἢ διὰ γυναικῶν; 2, 36 p. 135, 26) Gal 1:1. ἀ. κυρίου πνεύματος fr. the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Cor 3:18. ἔχειν τι ἀπό τινος have (received) someth. fr. someone 1 Cor 6:19; 1 Ti 3:7; 1J 2:20; 4:21.—In salutation formulas εἰρήνη ἀ. θεοῦ πατρός ἡμῶν peace that comes from God, our father Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; cp. 6:23; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1 v.l.; 2 Th 1:2; 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3. σοφία ἀ. θεοῦ wisdom that comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:30. ἔπαινος ἀ. θεοῦ praise fr. God 4:5. καὶ τοῦτο ἀ. θεοῦ and that brought about by God Phil 1:28. The expr. εἰρήνη ἀπὸ ‘ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος’ Rv 1:4 is quite extraordinary. It may be an interpretation of the name Yahweh already current, or an attempt to show reverence for the divine name by preserving it unchanged, or simply one more of the grammatical peculiarities so frequent in Rv (Meyer6-Bousset 1906, 159ff; Mlt. 9, note 1; cp. PParis 51, 33 ἀπὸ ἀπηλιότης; Mussies 93f, 328).
    ⓔ to indicate responsible agents for someth., from, of
    α. the self, st. Gk. usage (Thu. 5, 60, 1; X., Mem. 2, 10, 3; Andoc., Orat. 2, 4 οὗτοι οὐκ ἀφʼ αὑτῶν ταῦτα πράττουσιν; Diod S 17, 56; Num 16:28; 4 Macc 11:3; En 98:4; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 26 [Stone p. 38]; 18 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8) the expr. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (pl. ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν) of himself and ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ of myself are common Lk 12:57; 21:30; 2 Cor 3:5, esp. so in J: 5:19, 30; 8:28; 10:18; 15:4.—7:17f; 11:51; 14:10; 16:13; 18:34. So also ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλήλυθα I did not come of myself (opp. the Father sent me) 7:28; 8:42.
    β. fr. others. W. verbs in the pass. voice or pass. mng. ὑπό is somet. replaced by ἀπό (in isolated cases in older Gk. e.g. Thu. 1, 17 et al. [Kühner-G. II/1 p. 457f]; freq. in later Gk.: Polyb. 1, 79, 14; Hero I 152, 6; 388, 11; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 130 Jac.; IG XII/5, 29, 1; SIG 820, 9; PLond III, 1173, 12 p. 208; BGU 1185, 26; PFlor 150, 6 ἀ. τῶν μυῶν κατεσθιόμενα; PGM 4, 256; Kuhring 36f; 1 Macc 15:17; Sir 16:4; ParJer 1:1 ᾐχμαλωτεύθησαν … ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 62; Just., A I, 68, 6 ἐπιστολὴν … γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερήνου, D. 121, 3 ἀπὸ παντὸς [γένους] μετάνοιαν πεποιῆσθαι. See B-D-F §210; Rob. 820; GHatzidakis, Einl. in d. neugriech. Gramm. 1892, 211; AJannaris, An Histor. Gk. Grammar 1897, §1507). Yet just at this point the textual tradition varies considerably, and the choice of prep. is prob. at times influenced by the wish to express special nuances of mng. Lk 8:29b v.l. (ὑπό text); 43b (ὑπό v.l.); 10:22 D; ἀποδεδειγμένος ἀ. τ. θεοῦ attested by God Ac 2:22. ἐπικληθεὶς Βαρναβᾶς ἀ. (ὑπό v.l.) τ. ἀποστόλων named B. by the apostles 4:36. κατενεχθεὶς ἀ. τοῦ ὕπνου overcome by sleep 20:9. ἀθετούμενος ἀπὸ τῶν παραχαρασσόντων τὰ λόγια αὐτοῦ inasmuch as (Jesus) is being rejected by those who falsify his words AcPlCor 2:3. νεκροῦ βληθέντος ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπʼ αὐτά when a corpse was cast upon them (the bones of Elisha) 2:32. In such cases ἀπό freq. denotes the one who indirectly originates an action, and can be transl. at the hands of, by command of: πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀ. τ. πρεσβυτέρων suffer much at the hands of the elders Mt 16:21; cp. Lk 9:22; 17:25, where the emphasis is to be placed on παθεῖν, not on ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι. In ἀ. θεοῦ πειράζομαι the thought is that the temptation is caused by God, though not actually carried out by God Js 1:13. ἡτοιμασμένος ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ prepared by God’s command, not by God in person Rv 12:6.
    ⑥ In a few expr. ἀπό helps to take the place of an adverb. ἀπὸ μέρους, s. μέρος 1c.—ἡμέρᾳ ἀφʼ ἡμέρας day by day GJs 12:3.—ἀπὸ μιᾶς (acc. to Wlh., Einl.2 26, an Aramaism, min ḥădā˒=at once [s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 113]; but this does not explain the fem. gender, found also in the formulaic ἐπὶ μιᾶς Maxim. Tyr. 6, 3f En 99:9 [s. SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 3] and in Mod. Gk. μὲ μιᾶς at once [Thumb §162 note 2]. PSI 286, 22 uses ἀπὸ μιᾶς of a payment made ‘at once’; on the phrase s. New Docs 2, 189. Orig. γνώμης might have been a part of the expr. [Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 73], or ὁρμῆς [Thu. 7, 71, 6], or γλώσσης [Cass. Dio 44, 36, 2], or φωνῆς [Herodian 1, 4, 8]; cp. ἀπὸ μιᾶς φωνῆς Plut., Mor. 502d of an echo; s. B-D-F §241, 6) unanimously, alike, in concert Lk 14:18. Sim. ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν fr. (your) hearts, sincerely Mt 18:35.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 6 has as a formula διὰ μιᾶς, probably = continuously, uninterruptedly, Or. 44 [=Or. 8], 2 fuller διὰ μιᾶς τῆς σπουδῆς=with one and the same, or with quite similar zeal.—M-M.

    Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀπό

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